Phonology, on the other hand, studies how these sounds combine and how they change in combination, as well as which sounds can contrast to produce differences in meaning. Interpretation of Sounds: Phonetics studies вЂwhich sounds are present in a languageвЂ™. Interrelationship of Sounds: Phonetic transcription depends simply on the pronunciation of each individual sound regardless of its function in the sound system of the given language, whereas phonemic transcription depends upon the interrelationship of sounds in each particular language. On the other hand, when phonology affects phonetics, it results in the mapping between the units of phonology and their physical realization. Phonology in Phonetics: During their interaction, when phonetics affects phonology, the phonetics effects and constraints are reflected in the phonology. Categorical: Phonetics is gradient while phonology is categorical. Discrete Entity: Phonetics is the domain of the continuous, while phonology is the domain of discrete entity. Phonology, on the other hand, is concerned with the language system. Language System: Phonetics is concerned with the speech act. In phonemic transcription, on the other hand, slashes are used for the same purpose. Slanted Brackets: In phonetic transcription, square brackets are used to enclose transcribed symbols. Phonology, on the other hand, deals with the phonemic transcription of speech sounds. Phonemic Transcription: Phonetics deals with the phonetic transcription of speech sounds. Phonology, on the other hand, describes phones as allophones of phonemes. Phonetics is concerned with phones in general. Allophone: Every language consists of speech sounds called phones. In phonology, on the other hand, the minimal meaningful unit is called a phoneme. Phoneme: In phonetics, the smallest structural unit is a phone. Phonology, on the other hand, is language specific. Language Specific: Phonetics deals with the universal phenomenon of human speech sounds. Langue: The linguistic term вЂparoleвЂ™ is the concern of phoneticians while вЂlangueвЂ™ is studied by phonologists. the differences and similarities of sounds. Phonology, on the other hand, is concerned with the function, i.e. Function: Phonetics is concerned with the form, i.e. Wide Scope: Phonetics only asks, вЂњDoes this sound go here or not?вЂќ Phonology asks, вЂњDoes the meaning change if this sound is put here instead of that one?вЂќ It explores the differences between the sounds in a language that change the meaning of an utterance. Phonology, on the other hand, is both physical as well as meaningful. Their Meanings: Phonetics is strictly about audible sounds and the things that happen in our mouth, throat, nasal and sinus cavities, and the lungs to make these sounds. Phonology is primarily concerned with the abstract, grammatical characterization of systems of sounds or signs. Abstract: Phonetics discusses the physical characteristics of speech sounds or signs, especially, their physiological production, acoustic properties, auditory perception and neurophysiological status. While, phonology analyses the sound patterns of a particular language by determining which phonetic sounds are significant, and explaining how these sounds are interpreted by the native speaker. Particular Sound Pattern Analysis: Phonetics (the study of the physical aspects of sound) analyzes the production of all human speech sounds, regardless of any language it is dealing with. On the other hand, phonology is the basis for further work in morphology, syntax, discourse, and orthography design. Further Studies: Phonetics is the basis for phonological analysis. While, on the other hand, phonetics is regarded as a subfield placed under phonology as shown in the diagram below: Sub-discipline: Linguists often consider phonology a major field of linguistics. Theoretical: Phonetics is a subfield of descriptive linguistics while phonology is an area of theoretical linguistics. Some of the most prominent differences between phonetics and phonology can be elaborated as follows: dedicated to the study of human speech sounds and sound structures, phonetics and phonology differ from each other to an extent that each has been given a separate disciplinary status. Though closely interlinked and serving the same purpose, i.e. Phonetics and phonology are two important intra-disciplinary branches of linguistics.

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